Chapter 1: Important Musical Terms
Tempo refers to the speed or pace at which music is performed, typically measured in beats per minute (BPM). In pop music, a common tempo is around 120 BPM, though tempos can vary widely depending on the genre and emotional tone of the song. Tempo markings often use Italian terms, especially in classical contexts, though they remain useful across musical styles.
Largo (40–60 BPM) is very slow and is often used in solemn or reflective pieces, as heard in Pink Floyd’s “Wish You Were Here” (60 BPM).
Adagio (66–76 BPM) is slow and expressive, exemplified by Adele’s “Someone Like You.” (68 BPM).
Andante (76–108 BPM) suggests a walking pace and is common in folk-influenced songs like Stone Temple Pilots’ “Interstate Love Song” (85 BPM)
Moderato (108–120 BPM) indicates a moderate tempo, frequently used in rock and indie music, such as Journey’s “Don’t Stop Believing” (119 BPM).
Allegro (120–168 BPM) is fast and lively, typical of upbeat pop and dance tracks like “Reptilia” by The Strokes (~158 BPM)
Presto (168–200+ BPM) is very fast, often found in punk and electronic genres, as in Green Day’s “Basket Case” (~175 BPM).
Tempo shapes a song’s energy, mood, and sense of movement. It may remain steady or shift within a piece to create dynamic contrast and emotional impact. Recognizing tempo allows us to better understand how songs evoke emotion, define stylistic identity, and connect with listeners.